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Senior Editor: Joanne Maher
Statistics Editor: Philip McIntyre
Regional Editors: Iain Frame (Africa South of the Sahara); Imogen Gladman (Central and South-Eastern Europe); Dominic Heaney (Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia); Lynn Daniel (The Far East and Australasia); Lucy Dean (The Middle East and North Africa); Katie Dawson, Jacqueline West (South America, Central America and the Caribbean; The USA and Canada); Jillian O’Brien (South Asia); Juliet Love (Western Europe)
International Organizations Editors: Catriona Appeatu Holman, Helen Canton
Contributing Editors: Simon Chapman, Robert J. Elster, Katharine Murison, Juliet Summerscale, Gareth Wyn Jones
Associate Regional Editors: Anna Thomas (Africa South of the Sahara); Meena Khan (The Far East and Australasia; South Asia); Kirstie Macdonald (The Middle East and North Africa); Christopher Matthews (Western Europe)
Assistant Editors: Kim Chamberlain, Laura Davis, David Gruar, Catriona Marcham, Simon Molony, Adrian Reynolds, Janine Tenzer, Gareth Vaughan, Elli Woollard
Associate Editor, Directory Research: James Middleton
Editorial Director: Paul Kelly

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Europa World Plus contributors

Africa South of the Sahara
Central and South-Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia
The Far East and Australasia
The Middle East and North Africa
South America, Central America and the Caribbean
South Asia
The USA and Canada
Western Europe

Africa South of the Sahara

J. A. Allan. Professor of Geography, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Ike Anya. Specialist Registrar in Public Health Medicine, Bristol North Primary Care Trust, United Kingdom, and Lecturer at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
L. Berry. Former Professor of Geography, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
E. A. Boateng. Environmental consultant and educationalist.
Richard A. Bradshaw. Professor of History, Centre College, Kentucky, USA.
Sir Mervyn Brown. Former British Ambassador to Madagascar. Member, Académie Malgache.
Richard Brown. Former Dean, School of African and Asian Studies, University of Sussex at Brighton, United Kingdom.
Greg Cameron. Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Asmara, Eritrea.
Marisé Castro. Researcher, Amnesty International, International Secretariat, London, United Kingdom.
Christopher Clapham. Professor of Politics and International Relations, University of Lancaster, United Kingdom.
Phil Clark. Post-Doctoral Research Fellow, Transitional Justice Institute, University of Ulster, United Kingdom.
John I. Clarke. Professor of Geography, University of Durham, United Kingdom.
Walter S. Clarke. Senior Advisor for Civil-Military Co-operation, Global Center for Disaster Management and Humanitarian Action, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, USA.
Julian Cooke. Editor of the Anglo-Malagasy Society Newsletter.
João Gomes Cravinho. Lecturer in International Relations, University of Coímbra, Portugal.
Samuel Crowe. Writer specializing in African public health issues.
Pierre Englebert. Assistant Professor of Politics, Pomona College, Claremont, California, USA.
Juan Fandos-Rius. Encyclopaedist and historian of the Central African Republic.
Marek Garztecki. Writer specializing in African political and economic issues.
Edward George. Writer specializing in sub-Saharan African political and economic issues.
Patrick Gilkes. Writer on Africa and the Third World for the BBC External Services.
Pierre Gourou. Professor of Geography, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium, and Collège de France, Paris, France.
R. J. Harrison Church. Late Professor of Geography, London School of Economics, United Kingdom.
David Hilling. Senior Lecturer in Geography, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, United Kingdom.
Edith Hodgkinson. Writer specializing in the economies of developing countries.
A. MacGregor Hutcheson. Lecturer in Geography, Aberdeen College of Education, United Kingdom.
Michael Jennings. Lecturer in International Development and African History, Centre for Development Studies, University of Wales, Swansea, United Kingdom.
George Kay. Head of the Department of Geography and Recreation Studies, Staffordshire University, United Kingdom.
Zachary D. Kaufman. JD candidate, Yale Law School, New Haven, CT, USA, and Marshall Scholar and DPhil candidate, International Relations, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
B. W. Langlands. Late Professor of Geography, Makerere University College, Kampala, Uganda.
Bernard Lanne. Late Editor-in-Chief of La Documentation française, Paris, France.
G. C. Last. Former Adviser, Ethiopian Ministry of Education and Fine Arts.
I. M. Lewis. Professor of Anthropology, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom.
Akin L. Mabogunje. Former Professor of Geography, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
T. C. McCaskie. Lecturer in the Social History of West Africa in the Twentieth Century, Centre of West African Studies, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Hugh Macmillan. Former Professor of History, University of Transkei, South Africa.
François Misser. Writer specializing in the business and economic affairs of developing countries.
Peter K. Mitchell. Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Centre of West African Studies, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
W. T. W. Morgan. Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, University of Durham, United Kingdom.
Gregory Mthembu-Salter. Writer specializing in the political and economic affairs of African countries.
Katharine Murison. Editor of Africa South of the Sahara, 2001–04.
Thomas Ofcansky. Writer specializing in African political and economic issues.
J. D. Omer-Cooper. Late Professor of History, University of Otago, New Zealand.
Quentin Outram. Senior Lecturer in Economics, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
René Pélissier. Author specializing in contemporary Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking Africa.
Luisa Handem Piette. Writer specializing in African political and development issues.
Alan Rake. Former Managing Editor of African Business and New African magazines, London, United Kingdom.
Sarah Rich Dorman. Lecturer in African and International Politics, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Andrew D. Roberts. Former Professor of the History of Africa, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Christopher Saunders. Department of Historical Studies, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Gerhard Seibert. Researcher, Centro de Estudos Africanos e Asiáticos, Lisbon, Portugal.
Miles Smith-Morris. Writer specializing in developing countries.
Donald L. Sparks. Professor of International Economics, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, and Visiting Professor of Economics, Innsbruck Summer Program, Austria.
David Styan. Lecturer in Politics, Birkbeck College, University of London, United Kingdom.
Richard Synge. Writer and journalist specializing in African political and economic issues.
Ian Taylor. Professor of International Relations, University of St Andrews, United Kingdom.
Nadège Tchotchoe. Researcher, Royal African Society, London, United Kingdom.
António Teixeira. Political and economic analyst of lusophone African countries.
Virginia Thompson. Writer specializing in francophone Africa.
Charlotte Vaillant. Economist specializing in francophone Africa.
Linda Van Buren. Writer specializing in the business and economic affairs of African countries.
Sarah Vaughan. Honorary Fellow, School of Social and Political Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Manickam Venkataraman. Associate Professor of Political Science and International Relations, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Philip Verwimp. Co-director of the Households in Conflict Network and Lecturer in Development Economics, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, Netherlands.
Gavin Williams. Fellow and Tutor in Politics and Sociology, St Peter’s College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Geoffrey J. Williams. Former Professor of Geography, University of Zambia.
Paul D. Williams. Associate Professor of International Security, University of Warwick, United Kingdom, and Visiting Associate Professor, Elliot School of International Affairs, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
John A. Wiseman. Late Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Newcastle, United Kingdom.
Peter Woodward. Professor of Politics, University of Reading, United Kingdom.
Ralph Young. Senior Lecturer, Department of Government, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.

Central and South-Eastern Europe

Othon Anastasakis. St Antony’s College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Daunis Auers. University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia.
Susan Baker. Professor of Environmental Science, Cardiff University, United Kingdom.
Will Bartlett. University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
Dimitar Bechev. St Antony’s College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Richard Ross Berry. University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Florian Bieber. University of Kent, United Kingdom.
Keith S. Brown. Watson Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Cathie Carmichael. University of East Anglia, United Kingdom.
Lubomir Christov. Economist and former Executive Director for Bulgaria at the World Bank.
Richard J. Crampton. Emeritus Professor at St Edmund Hall, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Matthew Dunn. Political analyst, specializing in Central and South-Eastern Europe.
David A. Dyker. Professor at the University of Sussex, United Kingdom.
Tom Gallagher. Professor at the University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
Kęstutis Girnius. Vilnius University, Lithuania.
Marko Attila Hoare. Kingston University, United Kingdom.
Camilla Jensen. Centre for East European Studies, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.
Andres Kasekamp. Professor at the University of Tartu, Estonia.
Michael Kaser. Emeritus Reader in Economics and Emeritus Fellow of St Antony’s College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Noémi Lendvai. University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
Jeffrey Miller. University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Steven Morrison. Freelance writer on Latvian affairs.
Martin Myant. University of Paisley, United Kingdom.
David Norris. University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Jean O’Mahoney. Researcher and journalist.
Peter Palmer. Freelance writer on the former Yugoslavia.
László Péter. Emeritus Professor of History, University of London, United Kingdom.
Jan Repa. Senior analyst on Poland and Central Europe, BBC World Service.
Andrew Ryder. University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
Alan Smith. Emeritus Professor of Social Sciences, UCL, University of London, United Kingdom.
Enkeleida Tahiraj. School of Slavonic and East European Studies, UCL, University of London, United Kingdom.
Marcus Tanner. Journalist and author.
Susannah Verney. University of Athens, Greece.
Miranda Vickers. Political analyst specializing in Albanian affairs.
Gordon Wightman. University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia

Shirin Akiner. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London and Associate Fellow, Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), London, United Kingdom.
John Anderson. University of St Andrews, United Kingdom.
Anders Äslund. Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC, USA.
Annette Bohr. Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), London, United Kingdom.
Aleh Cherp. Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
Tamara Dragadze. Writer and specialist on the former Soviet Union.
Jane Falkingham. Professor of Demography and International Social Policy at University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
Matteo Fumagalli. Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
Philip Hanson. Emeritus Professor at University of Birmingham and Associate Fellow of the Russia and Eurasia Programme, Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), London, United Kingdom.
Edmund Herzig. University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Michael Kaser. Emeritus Reader in Economics and Emeritus Fellow of St Antony’s College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Taras Kuzio. Senior Transatlantic Fellow of the German Marshall Fund of the United States, and Adjunct Professor at the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Neil Melvin. University of Kent at Brussels, Belgium.
Ruben Mnatsakanian. Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
Steven D. Roper. School of Foreign Service in Qatar, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Angus Roxburgh. Journalist, broadcaster and author.
Andrew Ryder. University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
Veronica Schneider. Journalist.
Andrei Smirnov. Journalist specializing in the North Caucasus
George Tarkhan-Mouravi. Co-director, Institute for Policy Studies, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Kai Wegerich. Wageningen University, Netherlands.
Toby Wight. Specialist in banking and economic development in Azerbaijan and the CIS.
Andrew Wilson. School of Slavonic and East European Studies at UCL, and Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), London, United Kingdom.
Kenneth Wilson. University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Andrew Yorke. Political and economic analyst.

The Far East and Australasia

Tilak Abeysinghe. Associate Professor, Department of Economics, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Rokiah Alavi. Associate Professor and Head, Department of Economics, International Islamic University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Bryant J. Allen. Senior Fellow and Head, Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Donna Amoroso. Associate Professor of Southeast Asian Studies, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan.
Robert F. Ash. Professor, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Michael D. Barr. Lecturer in International Relations, School of Political and International Studies, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Mark Beeson. Professor of International Politics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Volker Boege. Visiting Fellow, Australian Centre of Peace and Conflict Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Shaun Breslin. Professor, Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom.
Anne Brown. Research Fellow, Australian Centre of Peace and Conflict Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Ian Brown. Professor of the Economic History of South East Asia, Department of History, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Jenny J. Bryant. Former Reader, Geography Department, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Ian Campbell. Professor, School of Social Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
William F. Case. Director, Southeast Asia Research Centre, Department of Asian and International Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Kenneth Christie. Professor, Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Zayed University—Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Joseph S. Chung. Professor Emeritus of Economics, Stuart School of Business, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA.
Lesley Connors. Former Lecturer, Department of Political Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, London, United Kingdom.
Robert Cribb. Senior Fellow, Division of Pacific and Asian History, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Harvey Demaine. Associate Professor of Regional, Rural and Agricultural Development Planning, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chris Dixon. Professor of International Development, Department of Law, Governance and International Relations, London Metropolitan University, London, United Kingdom.
Jörn Dosch. Reader in Asia Pacific Studies, Department of East Asian Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Chris Edwards. Former Senior Lecturer, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Greg Fealy. Fellow and Senior Lecturer in Indonesian Politics, Department of Political and Social Change, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Australia.
Stewart Firth. Head of the Pacific Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
C. P. Fitzgerald. Late Emeritus Professor, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Aidan Foster-Carter. Honorary Senior Research Fellow in Sociology and Modern Korea, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Michael Freeberne. Former Lecturer in Geography, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Nick Freeman. Associate Senior Fellow, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore.
François Gipouloux. Senior Research Fellow, Centre d’études sur la Chine moderne et contemporaine, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France.
Jeanine Graham. Former Senior Lecturer in History, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Charles Harvie. Associate Professor, School of Economics, Faculty of Commerce, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
James E. Hoare. Former Research Analyst, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London, United Kingdom.
Sarwar O. H. Hobohm. Former Senior Economist/Editor, Asia-Pacific, Country Analysis and Forecasting Division, The Economist Intelligence Unit, London, United Kingdom.
Edith Hodgkinson. Economic journalist specializing in developing countries, London, United Kingdom.
Brian Hook. Former Editor of The China Quarterly and former Lecturer in Chinese Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
A. V. M. Horton. Historian, Worcestershire, United Kingdom.
Athar Hussain. Asia Research Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London, United Kingdom.
Kenneth E. Jackson. Associate Professor and Director, Centre for Development Studies, Anthropology Department, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
T. K. Jayaraman. Associate Professor, School of Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Patrick Jory. Lecturer, Regional Studies Program, Institute of Liberal Arts, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
Frank H. H. King. Former Professor of Economic History, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Roger Lawrey. Associate Professor and Deputy Dean, Faculty of Business, Economics and Policy Studies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei.
Philip E. T. Lewis. Director, Centre for Labour Market Research, Murdoch University, Western Australia.
Stuart Macintyre. Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Arts, School of Historical Studies, University of Melbourne, Australia.
Stephen McCarthy. Research Fellow, Griffith Asia Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
A. E. McQueen. Former Assistant General Manager, New Zealand Government Railways, New Zealand.
Ruth McVey. Emeritus Reader in Politics with reference to South-East Asia, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
N. J. Miners. Former Reader in Political Science, Department of Politics and Public Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Murni Mohamed. Department of Economic Planning and Development, Ministry of Finance, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.
Andrew C. Nahm. Former Professor Emeritus of History and Consultant to the Office of International Education and Programs, Western Michigan University, USA.
Anna Nolan. Research Assistant, Australian Centre of Peace and Conflict Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Neville Norman. Professor, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Sorpong Peou. Professor of International Security, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan.
Michael Pinches. Associate Professor and Chair, Discipline of Anthropology and Sociology, School of Social and Cultural Studies, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia.
J. W. Rowe. Former Director-General, New Zealand Employers’ Federation, New Zealand.
Alan J. K. Sanders. Former Lecturer in Mongolian Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
John Sargent. Former Reader in Geography, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Josef Silverstein. Former Professor Emeritus of Political Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA.
Michael Smitka. Professor of Economics, Williams School of Commerce, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Virginia, USA.
Sok Hach. Director, Economic Institute of Cambodia, Phnom-Penh, Cambodia.
Ross Steele. Former Lecturer and Director, Graduate Program in Population and Human Resources, School of Geography, Population and Environmental Management, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Richard Storry. Late Director of the Far East Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Martin Stuart-Fox. Former Professor and Head of Department, Department of History, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Laura Summers. Former Lecturer, Department of Politics and Asian Studies, University of Hull, United Kingdom.
Andrew Tan. Associate Professor, School of Social Science and International Studies, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
James Tang. Associate Professor and Head, Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Vicki Thein. Lecturer in International Business Studies, School of Management, Curtin Business School, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia.
Tran Van Hoa. Research Professor, Centre for Strategic Economic Studies, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Hajah Rosni Haji Tungkat. Department of Economic Planning and Development, Ministry of Finance, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.
C. M. Turnbull. Honorary Research Fellow, Centre for Asian Studies, and Former Professor of History, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
David A. K. Watters. Professor, Department of Surgery, Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Michael Yahuda. Former Visiting Scholar, Sigur Center, Elliott School of International Relations, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Akira Yamazaki. Former Editorial Writer, Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Japan Economic Journal), Tokyo, Japan.

The Middle East and North Africa

Liam Anderson. Assistant Professor of Political Science, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
David Barchard. Senior Fellow and Analyst, Turkish Economics and Politics Research Foundation (TEPAV), Ankara, Turkey.
Francesco Cavatorta. Lecturer, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
Simon Chapman. Editor of The Middle East and North Africa, 1989–97.
Stephanie Cronin. Iran Heritage Foundation Research Fellow, Department of History, University College, Northampton, United Kingdom; Senior Research Associate, Department of History, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Alan J. Day. Former Editor of The Annual Register, London, United Kingdom; former Joint Editor of the Political Handbook of the World, Binghamton University, New York, USA.
Richard German. Writer and researcher on international political and economic affairs.
William Hale. Former Professor of Turkish Politics, Department of Politics and International Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom; currently Visiting Professor at Sabancı University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Clive Jones. Head of School and Professor in Middle East Studies and International Politics, School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Hendrik Kraetzschmar. Lecturer in Middle East Politics, Department of Arabic and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Richard I. Lawless. Emeritus Reader in Middle Eastern Studies, University of Durham, United Kingdom.
Jon Lunn. Research analyst, House of Commons Library, London, United Kingdom.
Kamil Mahdi. Senior Lecturer in the Economics of the Middle East, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, United Kingdom.
Nur Masalha. Reader in Religion and Politics; and Director of the Centre for Religion and History, School of Theology, Philosophy and History, St Mary’s University College, Twickenham, United Kingdom..
Fiona Mullen. Independent economist and researcher specializing in the Cyprus economy; former Senior Analyst and Product Director at the Economist Intelligence Unit, London, United Kingdom, and former Senior Economist at the Financial Mirror, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Gerd Nonneman. Al-Qasimi Professor of Arab Gulf Studies and Professor of International Relations, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, United Kingdom.
James Onley. Director of Gulf Studies and Lecturer in Middle Eastern History, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, United Kingdom.
Malise Ruthven. Former Lecturer at the Centre for the Study of Religions, University of Aberdeen, Scotland.
Jonathan Rynhold. Research Associate at the Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies and Senior Lecturer in Political Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Colin Shindler. Reader in Israeli and Modern Jewish Studies, Department of the Languages and Cultures of the Near and Middle East, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Moin Siddiqi. Independent economist specializing in macroeconomic developments and the banking sector in the Middle East and Africa; also advises on trends in petroleum markets.
Aurora Sottimano. Research Assistant, and PhD candidate specializing in the politics of the Middle East (in particular Syria and the Gulf region), School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
Jonathan Spyer. Senior Research Fellow at the Global Research in International Affairs (Gloria) Center, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel.
Gareth R. V. Stansfield. Associate Professor in Middle East Politics, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, United Kingdom; Associate Fellow of the Middle East Programme, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth Taylor. Writer and researcher on international political and economic affairs.
Mehmet Uğur. Jean Monnet Reader in Political Economy, University of Greenwich, Business School, London, United Kingdom.
Rodney Wilson. Professor of Economics, Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, University of Durham, United Kingdom.
Ruth Winstone. Researcher specializing in the Gulf States; Library Clerk, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library, London, United Kingdom.
James Wyllie. Reader in International Relations, School of Social Science, King's College, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.

South America, Central America and the Caribbean

Charles Arthur. Freelance journalist specializing in Caribbean politics and economics.
Andrew Bounds. Former Central America correspondent of the Financial Times, London, United Kingdom.
Dr Ed Brown. Lecturer in Human Geography at the University of Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Dr Julia Buxton. Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Co-operation and Security, Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
Prof. Peter A. R. Calvert. Emeritus Professor of Comparative and International Politics at the University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
John Crabtree. Research Associate at the Latin American Centre at the University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Pilar Domingo. Researcher at the Instituto Interuniversitario de Iberoamérica at the University of Salamanca, Spain.
Prof. David Fleischer. Professor of Political Science at the University of Brasília, Brazil.
Lila Haines. Economic historian and business journalist specializing in the Cuban economy.
Canute James. Senior Lecturer at the Caribbean Institute of Media and Communications at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica.
Melanie Jones. Writer and researcher specializing in Cuban affairs.
Dr Colin M. Lewis. Senior Lecturer in Latin American Economic History at the London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom.
Prof. Adrian McDonald. Professor of Environmental Management at the University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
James McDonough. Editor and Publisher at EPIN Publishing, including The Puerto Rico Report newsletter.
Dr Fiona Macaulay. Lecturer in Development Studies at the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
Sandy Markwick. Writer and researcher specializing in Latin American affairs.
Sir Keith Morris. Former British Ambassador to Colombia.
Katharine Murison. Writer specializing in Latin American and African affairs.
Dr Gabriel Palma. Lecturer in Economics at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Dr Francisco Panizza. Senior Lecturer in Latin American Politics at the London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom.
Prof. Jenny Pearce. Professor of Latin American Politics at the University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
Prof. Nicola Phillips. Professor of Political Economy at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom, Managing Editor of New Political Economy journal and Co-Editor of the Lynne Reinner International Political Economy Yearbook.
Rod Prince. Journalist specializing in Caribbean affairs.
Dennis Rodgers. Senior Research Fellow at the Brooks World Poverty Institute at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Diego Sánchez-Ancochea. Lecturer in the Economics of Latin America at the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of London, United Kingdom.
Helen Schooley. Writer specializing in Latin American affairs.
Dr Rachel Sieder. Senior Lecturer in Politics at the Institute for the Study of the Americas at the University of London, United Kingdom.
Colin Smith. Editor of the Catholic Standard and British Broadcasting Corporation correspondent in Guyana.
René van Dongen. Geographer and Vice-Principal of the School of the Nations, Georgetown, Guyana.
Phillip Wearne. Writer and researcher specializing in Latin American affairs.
Mark Wilson. Writer and researcher specializing in Caribbean affairs.

South Asia

Lok Raj Baral. Former Professor, Department of Political Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sanjaya Baru. Former Chief Editor, The Financial Express, New Delhi, India.
T. Louise Brown. Former Lecturer in Asian Studies, The Japan Centre, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Gouranga Lal Dasvarma. Senior Lecturer and Director, Graduate Courses in Applied Population Studies, and Master of Environmental Management, School of Geography, Population and Environmental Management, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Sir Martin Ewans. Former Head of Chancery, British Embassy, Afghanistan, writer on Afghanistan affairs, London, United Kingdom.
B. H. Farmer. Late Former Director, Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Michael Gillan. Lecturer, Organisational and Labour Studies, School of Economics and Commerce, UWA Business School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia.
Rohan Gunaratna. Head of International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research, Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Santosh Jatrana. Research Fellow, Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Mushtaq H. Khan. Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, School of Oriental and African Studies, London, United Kingdom. Kingdom.
Peter Marsden. Special Adviser, British Agencies Afghanistan Group, Refugee Council, writer on Afghanistan affairs, London, United Kingdom.
Allister McGregor. Director of the Centre for Development Studies, Senior Lecturer in International Development, University of Bath, United Kingdom.
John McGuire. Professor, Department of Social Sciences, and Director, South Asia Research Unit, Division of Humanities, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia.
Kenneth McPherson. Fellow, South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg, Germany, and Adjunct Professor, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Geoffrey Parrinder. Late Emeritus Professor of the Comparative Study of Religions, University of London, United Kingdom.
G. H. Peiris. Former Senior Professor, Department of Geography, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
David Rampton. Visiting Lecturer and Course Convenor, Department of Development Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, London, United Kingdom.
C. Rammanohar Reddy. Editor, Economic and Political Weekly, Mumbai, India.
Peter Robb. Professor and Pro-Director, Department of History, South Asia, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.
S. W. R. de A. Samarasinghe. Executive Director, International Centre for Ethnic Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka, and Director, Tulane Institute for International Development, Payson Center, Tulane University of Louisiana, New Orleans, USA.
Brian Shaw. Honorary Research Fellow, Centre of Asian Studies, The University of Hong Kong.
Kingsley M. de Silva. Executive Director, International Centre for Ethnic Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
David Taylor. Vice Provost (Academic Development and Special Projects), Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Marika Vicziany. Director, Monash Asia Institute and National Centre for South Asian Studies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

The USA and Canada

John Agnew. Professor of Geography at the University of California—Los Angeles, USA.
Robert M. Bone. Emeritus Professor of Geography at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
Keith Brownsey. Lecturer in the Department of Policy Studies at Mount Royal College, Alberta, Canada.
P.W. Daniels. Professor of Geography, Dean of Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Co-Director of the Services and Enterprise Unit at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Philip John Davies. Director of the David and Mary Eccles Centre for American Studies at the British Library, Professor of American Studies at De Montfort University and Chair. of the UK Council of Area Studies Associations, United Kingdom.
Claude Denis. Professor in the School of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa, Canada.
David H. Dunn. Senior Lecturer in International Studies and Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Political Science and International Studies at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
John W. Foster. Principal Researcher at the North-South Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Martin Griffiths. Associate Professor of International Relations in the Department of International Business and Asian Studies at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Milton C. Hallberg. Emeritus Professor of Agricultural Economics at the Pennsylvania State University, USA.
Alan Hallsworth. Professor of International Relations at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de Méico, Mexico.
Athanasios Hristoulas. Professor in the Governance Research Centre and former Pro-Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
David McKay. Professor of Government at the University of Essex, United Kingdom.
Sandy Markwick. Writer and researcher specializing in North and South American affairs.
Geoffrey Mercer. Senior Lecturer in the Department of Social Policy and Sociology at the University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Calum Paton. Professor of Health Policy in the Centre for Health Planning and Management at Keele University, United Kingdom.
Gillian Peele. Fellow and Tutor in Politics at Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
David Robertson. Professor of Politics at St Hugh's College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Raymond J. Towse. Senior Lecturer in Geography at Kingston University, United Kingdom.

Western Europe

Matthew Allen. Lecturer in Organisational Studies, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Clive Archer. Research Professor, Department of Politics and Philosophy, Manchester Metropolitan University, and Director of the Manchester European Research Institute, United Kingdom.
David Arter. Director, Nordic Policy Studies Centre, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Lino Briguglio. Professor of Economics, University of Malta.
Giovanni Caggiano. Lecturer in Economics, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Peter Calvert. Emeritus Professor of Comparative and International Politics, University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
Günther K. Chaloupek. Head of Economic Research Department, Austrian Chamber of Labour, Vienna, Austria.
Clive H. Church. Emeritus Professor of European Studies, University of Kent, United Kingdom.
Gordon Cordina. Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Malta.
Mark Donovan. Senior Lecturer in Politics, School of European Studies, Cardiff University, United Kingdom.
Jonathan Eyal. Director, International Security Studies, Royal United Services Institute, London, United Kingdom.
Francesca Flamini. Lecturer in Economics, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Myria Georgiou. Director of Postgraduate Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Richard Gillespie. Chair of Politics, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
David H. Gowland. Senior Teaching Fellow, Economics Department, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Joseph Harrison. Senior Lecturer in Economic History, Department of History, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Derek Hearl. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Eastern Mediterranean University, ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’.
John J. Horton. University Librarian (Academic Services), University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
David Howarth. Senior Lecturer in Politics, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Andrew Knapp. Professor of French Politics and Contemporary History, University of Reading, United Kingdom.
Stewart Lloyd-Jones. Director of the Contemporary Portuguese Politics and History Research Centre and Researcher at the Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Juliet Lodge. Director, Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence, Institute of Communication Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
David G. Mayes. Professor of Economics, London South Bank University, United Kingdom, and Adviser to the Board, Bank of Finland.
Adrian McDonald. Professor of Environmental Management, Earth and Biosphere Institute, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Anthony Mughan. Professor of Political Science and Director of the Undergraduate International Studies Program, Ohio State University, USA.
Manuel Palazuelos-Martinez. Teacher, Department of Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), and Researcher, European Institute, LSE, United Kingdom.
William Paterson. Director, Institute for German Studies, University of Birmingham, and Chair of the German-British Forum, United Kingdom.
Torben Mark Pedersen. Chief Analyst, Danske Bank, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Godfrey A. Pirotta. Professor of Government and Policy Studies and Head of the Department of Public Policy, University of Malta.
Lise Sand Frederiksen. Economist, Ministry of Taxation, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Irene Scobbie. Former Reader and Head of Department of Scandinavian Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Andrew G. Scott. Professor of European Union Studies, and Co-Director, Europa Institute, School of Law, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Martin Smith. Professor of Politics, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Sigurður Snævarr. Chief Economist, Reykjavík City Hall, Iceland.
Paul Statham. Professor of Political Sociology, Centre for Ethnicity and Citizenship, Bristol Institute of Public Affairs, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
Melanie A. Sully. Professor of Political Science, Diplomatic Academy, Vienna, Austria.
Michael Sykes. Macroeconomic consultant and publisher.
Stephen Syrett. Professor of Local Economic Development, Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research, Middlesex University, United Kingdom.
Alastair H. Thomas. Emeritus Professor of Nordic Politics, Department of Social Studies, University of Central Lancashire, and Assessor, Quality Assurance Agency, United Kingdom.
Ben Tonra. Jean Monnet Professor of European Foreign Security and Defence Policy, Director of the Graduate School, College of Human Sciences, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Steven B. Wolinetz. Professor of Political Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.
Fabian Zuleeg. Senior Policy Analyst, European Policy Centre, Brussels, Belgium.